On this day: 25 October

Years ago today

Events · 25

• 1147(Julian date)
  Siege of Lisbon — 1147 sieges involving Portugal
• 1147
  Battle of Dorylaeum — bataille de 1147
• 1415(Julian date)
  Battle of Agincourt — 1415 English victory in the Hundred Years' War
• 1747
  Second Battle of Cape Finisterre — naval battle which took place on 25 October 1747
• 1809
  Golden Jubilee of George III — 50th anniversary of the monarch's accession
• 1822
  First Siege of Missolonghi — 1822 battle of the Greek War of Independence
• 1854
  Battle of Balaclava — 1854 battle of the Crimean War
• 1854
  Charge of the Light Brigade — 1854 charge of British light cavalry led by Lord Cardigan against Russian forces
• 1861
  Toronto Stock Exchange — stock exchange in Canada
• 1864
  Battle of Marais des Cygnes — battle of the American Civil War
• 1917(Julian date)
  October Revolution — second of two 1917 revolutions in Russia
• 1945
  retrocession of Taiwan — the Republic of China assumes sovereignty over Taiwan and islands from the Japanese empire
• 1949
  Battle of Guningtou — 1949 battle during the Chinese civil war
• 1950
  Battle of Onjong — 1950 battle between Chinese and United Nations forces
• 1951
  1951 United Kingdom general election — general election held in the United Kingdom
• 1958
  Ningxia — autonomous region of China
• 1980
  Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction — international treaty
• 1983
  1983 Invasion of Grenada — 1983 conflict in Grenada involving US and Cuban led forces
• 1987
  13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party — 1987 party meeting
• 1995
  1995 Fox River Grove bus–train collision — accident involving a school bus and Metra train
• 1999
  1999 South Dakota Learjet crash — 1999 plane crash in South Dakota
• 2009
  25 October 2009 Baghdad bombings — 2009 ISIS terror attack in Baghdad, Iraq
• 2010
  October 2010 Sumatra earthquake and tsunami — magnitude 7.7 earthquake
• 2021
  2021 Sudanese coup d'état — successful coup against the Sovereignty Council of Sudan
• 2023
  2023 Lewiston shootings — mass shooting by a gunman on October 25, 2023 in Lewiston, Maine, USA

Births · 60

• 1453(Julian date)
  Giuliano de' Medici — Italian politician (1453-1478)
• 1692
  Elisabeth Farnese — Queen consort of Spain (1692-1766)
• 1759
  William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville — British Prime Minister, politician (1759-1834)
• 1767
  Benjamin Constant — French-Swiss politician, writer on politics and religion (1767-2011)
• 1789
  Heinrich Schwabe — German astronomer (1789–1875)
• 1800
  Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay — British historian and politician (1800–1859)
• 1806
  Max Stirner — German philosopher (1806–1856)
• 1811
  Évariste Galois — French mathematician (1811-1832)
• 1825
  Johann Strauss II — Austrian composer (1825-1899)
• 1827
  Marcellin Berthelot — French chemist and politician (1827-1907)
• 1838
  Georges Bizet — French composer (1838–1875)
• 1877
  Henry Norris Russell — American astronomer (1877–1957)
• 1881
  Pablo Picasso — Spanish painter and sculptor (1881–1973)
• 1886
  Karl Polanyi — Hungarian economist, philosopher and historian
• 1888
  Richard E. Byrd — American naval officer, explorer (1888-1957)
• 1889
  Abel Gance — French film director and producer, writer and actor (1889-1981)
• 1895
  Levi Eshkol — Israeli politician, a founder of the Israeli Labor Party and Prime Minister (1895-1969)
• 1900
  Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti — Nigerian educator, political campaigner, suffragist, and women's rights activist
• 1913
  Klaus Barbie — German SS officer, head of the Gestapo in Lyon and convicted war criminal (1913–1991)
• 1921
  Michael I of Romania — last king of Romania (r. 1927–1930, 1940–1947)
• 1926
  Galina Vishnevskaya — Russian soprano opera singer and recitalist (1926—2012)
• 1927
  Lawrence Kohlberg — American psychologist
• 1927
  Jorge Batlle Ibáñez — president of Uruguay (1927-2016)
• 1928
  Peter Naur — Danish computer scientist (1928–2016) and Turing Award winner (2005); author of 'Programming as Theory Building' (1985); co-editor of the 1968 NATO Software Engineering Conference report
• 1928
  Anthony Franciosa — American actor (1928–2006)

Deaths · 60

• 625(Julian date)
  Boniface V — pope
• 912
  Rudolph I of Burgundy — King of Burgundy (859-912)
• 1047(Julian date)
  Magnus the Good — King of Norway and Denmark
• 1154(Julian date)
  Stephen, King of England — King of England from 1135 to 1154
• 1180(Julian date)
  John of Salisbury — English philosopher and theologian (ca 1115-1180)
• 1349(Julian date)
  James III of Majorca — King of Majorca
• 1359(Julian date)
  Beatrice of Castile — Queen consort of Portugal (1325-1357)
• 1400(Julian date)
  Geoffrey Chaucer — 14th century English poet and author (1343–1400)
• 1415
  Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York — English military personnel
• 1415(Julian date)
  Anthony, Duke of Brabant — duke of Brabant (1384-1415)
• 1478(Julian date)
  Catherine of Bosnia — Bosnian queen
• 1495(Julian date)
  John II of Portugal — Portuguese king
• 1647
  Evangelista Torricelli — Italian physicist and mathematician (1608-1647)
• 1733
  Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri — Italian Jesuit and mathematician
• 1760
  George II of Great Britain — King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760 (1683-1760)
• 1806
  Henry Knox — American general and Secretary of War (1750–1806)
• 1826
  Philippe Pinel — French psychiatrist (1745–1826)
• 1833
  Abbas Mirza — Qajar crown prince
• 1889
  Émile Augier — French writer (1820-1889)
• 1902
  Frank Norris — American journalist and novelist (1870-1902)
• 1909
  Clorinda Matto de Turner — Peruvian writer, thinker, politician, journalist, and translator (1854–1909)
• 1916
  William Merritt Chase — American painter (1849–1916)
• 1920
  Alexander of Greece — King of Greece (1917–1920)
• 1920
  Terence MacSwiney — Irish playwright, author and nationalist politician (1879-1920)
• 1924
  Ziya Gökalp — Turkish sociologist and writer (1876–1924)