On this day: 10 July

Years ago today

Events · 29

• 645(Julian date)
  Isshi Incident — successful plot by Nakatomi no Kamatari, Prince Naka no Ōe and others who conspired to eliminate the main branch of the Soga clan
• 1460
  Battle of Northampton — 1460 battle
• 1519(Julian date)
  Prince of Ning rebellion — 16th-century attempted overthrow of the Ming emperor
• 1645
  Battle of Langport — 1645 battle of the First English Civil War
• 1668
  Henry Morgan's raid on Porto Bello — 1668 raid
• 1690
  Battle of Beachy Head — naval engagement fought on 10 July 1690
• 1882
  Battle of La Concepción — 1882 battle
• 1883
  Battle of Huamachuco — 1883 battle of the War of the Pacific
• 1890
  Wyoming — state of the United States of America
• 1913
  highest temperature recorded on Earth — world's highest temperature recorded ever
• 1918
  emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic — coat of arms
• 1927
  Taiwanese People's Party — 1927–1931 political party in Japanese-ruled Taiwan
• 1940
  Vichy France — client state of Nazi Germany, administering the Free Zone in southern France and French colonial possessions (1940–1944)
• 1940
  Battle of Britain — air battle waged between German and British air forces in 1940
• 1941
  Jedwabne pogrom — massacre of Jews by ethnic Poles in Nazi-occupied Poland in July 1941
• 1967
  New Zealand dollar — currency of New Zealand
• 1973
  The Bahamas — island sovereign state in the West Indies
• 1974
  1974 EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 crash — fatal aircraft crash near Cairo, Egypt
• 1976
  Seveso disaster — industrial accident
• 1978
  1978 Mauritanian coup d'état — military overthrow of Moktar Ould Daddah
• 1985
  Aeroflot Flight 7425 — 1985 Tu-154 crash in the Uzbek SSR
• 1985
  sinking of the Rainbow Warrior — 1985 covert attack by French foreign intelligence service on a Greenpeace ship in Auckland, New Zealand
• 1991
  L'Express Airlines Flight 508 — 1991 aviation accident
• 1995
  N95 respirator — particulate respirator that meets the N95 standard of the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• 1999
  1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final — 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup match
• 2003
  Tuen Mun Road bus plunge — 2003 crash of a double-decker bus in Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong
• 2006
  PIA Flight 688 — aircraft crash in Pakistan, 10 July 2006
• 2016
  UEFA Euro 2016 finals: Portugal v France — final game of the UEFA Euro 2016
• 2018
  Tham Luang cave rescue — international operation to rescue a group of 13 boys and 1 adult in Tham Luang Nang Non, Thailand in 2018

Births · 60

• 1419(Julian date)
  Go-Hanazono — emperor of Japan
• 1451(Julian date)
  James III of Scotland — King of Scotland from 1460 to 1488 (1451–1488)
• 1509(Julian date)
  John Calvin — French Protestant reformer (1509–1564)
• 1682
  Roger Cotes — English mathematician
• 1723
  William Blackstone — English jurist, judge and Tory politician (1723-1780)
• 1724
  Eva Ekeblad — Swedish scientist (1724-1786)
• 1792
  George M. Dallas — vice president of the United States from 1845 to 1849 (1792–1864)
• 1830
  Camille Pissarro — Danish-French painter (1830-1903)
• 1835
  Henri Wieniawski — Russian-Polish musician (1835–1880)
• 1856
  Nikola Tesla — Serbian-American engineer and inventor (1856-1943)
• 1867
  Prince Maximilian of Baden — German chancellor (1867-1929)
• 1871
  Marcel Proust — French novelist, critic and essayist (1871–1922)
• 1875
  Mary McLeod Bethune — American educator and civil rights leader (1875-1955)
• 1883
  Johannes Blaskowitz — German general (1883–1948)
• 1888
  Giorgio de Chirico — Italian artist (1888–1978)
• 1895
  Carl Orff — German composer (1895–1982)
• 1899
  John Gilbert — American actor and film director (1899–1936)
• 1902
  Kurt Alder — German chemist (1902–1958)
• 1902
  Nicolás Guillén — Cuban poet, journalist, political activist, and writer (1902–1989)
• 1903
  — English science fiction author (1903–1969)
• 1914
  Joe Shuster — Canadian-American comic book artist, co-creator of Superman (1914–1992)
• 1919
  Pierre Gamarra — French writer (1919–2009)
• 1920
  Owen Chamberlain — American physicist
• 1921
  Eunice Kennedy Shriver — American philanthropist; founder of the Special Olympics; sister of John F. Kennedy (1921–2009)
• 1922
  Jake LaMotta — American boxer (1922–2017)

Deaths · 60

• 138(Julian date)
  Hadrian — 14th Roman Emperor (117–138)
• 645(Julian date)
  Soga no Iruka — statesman
• 649(Julian date)
  Emperor Taizong of Tang — Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty (598-649) (r. 626-649)
• 772
  Amalberga of Temse — Lotharingian noble woman
• 831(Julian date)
  Zubaidah bint Ja`far — Medieval Arabian princess
• 983(Julian date)
  Benedict VII — pope
• 994(Julian date)
  Leopold I, Margrave of Austria — Margrave of Austria from 976 to 994
• 1086(Julian date)
  Canute IV of Denmark — King of Denmark from 1080 to 1086
• 1099
  Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar — 11th century Castilian nobleman and military leader
• 1103(Julian date)
  Eric I of Denmark — Danish monarch
• 1290(Julian date)
  Ladislaus IV of Hungary — King of Hungary (1262-1290)
• 1460(Julian date)
  Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham — British noble (1402-1460)
• 1461(Julian date)
  Stephen Thomas of Bosnia — Bosnian king
• 1473(Julian date)
  James II of Cyprus — King of Cyprus, Jerusalem and Armenia
• 1480(Julian date)
  René of Anjou — king of Naples (1409-1480)
• 1510(Julian date)
  Catherine Cornaro — Queen of Cyprus
• 1559(Julian date)
  Henry II of France — King of France from 1547 to 1559 (1519–1559)
• 1584
  William the Silent — Dutch statesman and revolt leader (1533-1584)
• 1590
  Charles II, Archduke of Austria — Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria (1540-1590)
• 1621
  Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy — military commander (1571-1621)
• 1653
  Gabriel Naudé — French librarian (1600–1653)
• 1680
  Louis Moréri — French priest and scholar
• 1683
  François Eudes de Mézeray — French historian
• 1806
  George Stubbs — British painter (1724–1806)
• 1817
  Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland — British Army general (1742-1817)