On this day: 30 April

Years ago today

Events · 22

• 313(Julian date)
  Battle of Tzirallum — 0313 battle
• 1789
  first inauguration of George Washington — 1st United States presidential inauguration
• 1789
  presidency of George Washington — 1st presidential administration and cabinet of the USA (1789-1797)
• 1803
  Louisiana Purchase — 1803 acquisition by the U.S. of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana
• 1812
  Louisiana — state of the United States of America
• 1863
  Battle of Camarón — 1863 battle
• 1864
  Battle of Jenkins' Ferry — 1864 battle of the American Civil War
• 1871
  Camp Grant massacre — American massacre of Native Americans in 1871
• 1872
  Shen Bao — Shanghai newspaper (1872-1949)
• 1888
  Privy Council of the Empire of Japan — Advisory council to the Emperor of Japan that operated from 1888 to 1947
• 1937
  Philippine women suffrage plebiscite, 1937 — 1937 referendum
• 1945
  death of Adolf Hitler — suicide that led to the end of Nazi Germany and sped up the ending of World War II
• 1957
  solar eclipse of April 30, 1957 — 20th-century annular solar eclipse
• 1975
  Vietnam War — armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia between North Vietnam and South Vietnam, from 1955 to 1975
• 1975
  Fall of Saigon — 1975 capture of Saigon by the People’s Army of Vietnam and the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
• 1980
  Iranian Embassy Siege — siege that took place in London from 30 April to 5 May 1980
• 1982
  Bijon Setu massacre — 1982 murder of monks and a nun in India
• 2009
  2009 attack on the Dutch royal family — event in 30 Apr. 2009, when Karst Roeland Tates drove his car into a royal family parade, killing 8 (including the attacker); the royal family survived
• 2010
  Expo 2010 Shanghai China — World Expo held in Shanghai, China
• 2014
  2014 Ürümqi attack — Knife attack in Xinjiang
• 2019
  2019 Japanese imperial transition — Japanese imperial abdication and transition
• 2021
  2021 Meron crowd crush — multi-casualty crush incident in Israel at public religious event

Births · 60

• 1245(Julian date)
  Philip III of France — king of France from 1270 to 1285 (1245–1285)
• 1310
  Casimir III the Great — King of Poland from 1333 to 1370
• 1504(Julian date)
  Francesco Primaticcio — Italian painter (1504-1570)
• 1651
  Jean-Baptiste de La Salle — French priest and Catholic saint (1651–1719)
• 1662(Julian date)
  Mary II of England — Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 1694 (1662-1694)
• 1723
  Mathurin Jacques Brisson — French zoologist and natural philosopher
• 1777
  Carl Friedrich Gauss — German mathematician and physicist (1777–1855)
• 1803
  Albrecht von Roon — Prussian general (1803-1879)
• 1839
  Floriano Peixoto — Brazilian politician (1839-1895)
• 1848
  Eugène Simon — French naturalist and arachnologist (1848–1924)
• 1857
  Eugen Bleuler — Swiss psychiatrist (1857–1939)
• 1870
  Franz Lehár — Komárom-born Austrian music composer (1870–1948)
• 1870
  Dadasaheb Phalke — Indian film producer, director and screenwriter (1870–1944)
• 1877
  Alice Babette Toklas — American writer (1877-1967)
• 1877
  Léon Flameng — French racing cyclist
• 1883
  Jaroslav Hašek — Czech humorist, satirist, writer and anarchist (1883-1923)
• 1893
  Joachim von Ribbentrop — German Foreign Minister of Nazi Germany (1893–1946)
• 1901
  Simon Kuznets — Russian-born American economist and statistician (1901–1985)
• 1902
  Theodore Schultz — American economist (1902–1998)
• 1908
  Eve Arden — American actress (1908–1990)
• 1908
  Bjarni Benediktsson — Icelandic politician (1908–1970)
• 1909
  Juliana of the Netherlands — Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 to 1980 (1909-2004)
• 1916
  Claude Shannon — American mathematician and information theorist (1916–2001)
• 1920
  Tom Moore — British Army officer and fundraiser (1920–2021)
• 1920
  Gerda Lerner — Austrian-American women's history scholar (1920-2013)

Deaths · 60

• 65(Julian date)
  Lucan — Roman poet (39–65)
• 125(Julian date)
  Emperor An of Han — Han dynasty Emperor from 106 to 125
• 783(Julian date)
  Hildegard of Vinzgouw — Queen of the Franks and Blessed (c. 771 – 783)
• 1030
  Mahmud of Ghazni — Sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire from 998 to 1030
• 1063(Julian date)
  Emperor Renzong of Song — Chinese emperor from 1022 to 1063
• 1305(Julian date)
  Roger de Flor — Italian military adventurer and condottiere
• 1341(Julian date)
  John III, Duke of Brittany — Duke of Brittany
• 1524(Julian date)
  Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard — French military personnel
• 1550(Julian date)
  Tabinshwehti — King of Burma
• 1632
  Sigismund III Vasa — King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 until 1632 and King of Sweden from 1592 until 1599 (1566–1632)
• 1632
  Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly — field marshal who commanded the Catholic League's forces (1559-1632) in the Thirty Years' War
• 1672
  Marie Guyart — French foundress of the Ursuline Monastery in Quebec
• 1792
  John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich — English Peer and statesman; inventor of the sandwich
• 1795
  Jean-Jacques Barthélemy — French writer and numismatist (1716-1795)
• 1841
  Peter Andreas Heiberg — Danish author and philologist
• 1847
  Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen — Archduke of Austria (1771-1847)
• 1865
  Robert Fitzroy — Royal Navy officer and scientist (1805–1865)
• 1883
  Édouard Manet — French painter (1832–1883)
• 1891
  Joseph Leidy — American anatomist and paleontologist (1823 – 1891)
• 1903
  Emily Stowe — Canadian physician
• 1910
  Jean Moréas — Greek writer (1856–1910)
• 1926
  Bessie Coleman — American aviator (1892–1926)
• 1936
  Alfred Edward Housman — British classical scholar and poet (1859-1936)
• 1943
  Otto Jespersen — Danish linguist (1860–1943)
• 1943
  Beatrice Webb — English sociologist, economist, socialist, and social reformer (1858–1943)